ψr = 0.8 only when ties/stirrups satisfy spacing near the bend and along ℓdh per §25.4.3.2.
Auto from bar size
Results
Bar diameter, db
15.9 mm
No. 16
Min inside bend
95.4 mm
= 6 db
Straight extension rule
12 db
Per selected hook type
ℓdh (governing)
247.2 mm
max( eqn, 8db, 150 mm )
Eqn contribution
Checks
8 db = 127.2 mm
150 mm absolute minimum
Notes: Geometry is from §25.3 tables. For seismic hoops/crossties use ≥135° hooks and ensure the extension projects into the core. For discontinuous ends with small cover (<65 mm both directions), provide close ties along ℓdh and take ψr = 1.0 as required.